The laptop was working correctly but when I connected the floppy drive and put a floppy disk it wouldn't read it.
Time to open it and see what's going on inside. The drive has two screws under the rubber feet:
After that I could take the metal cover of the drive:
And I was able to clearly see the issue: the rubber belt was broken to pieces.
Since I didn't have a proper replacement, I designed and 3D printed one with flexible filament. I know flexible filament doesn't have the same properties as rubber. But I think it'll work well enough, at least to see if the drive actually works.
Now I put it all back together and connected it to the laptop and it was reading floppy disks properly
